ABSTRACT
Background: Morbidity and mortality of preterm babies are important issues in perinatal medicine. In developed countries, preterm delivery is the cause of about 70% of mortality and 75% of morbidity in the neonatal period, respectively
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for preterm labor and the outcomes, in terms of perinatal mortality and morbidity at the time of discharge home, among preterm infants at less than 34 weeks gestation
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted and all infants with a gestational age of 24 to 33 weeks and 6 days who were born from November 1st, 2011 to March 31, 2012 were enrolled in this study
Results: From 1185 preterm infants were born during this period, 475 [40.08%] infants with less than 34 weeks gestational age were included in the study. Our study showed the major obstetrical risk factors for preterm labor were as follows: preeclampsia [21%], premature rupture of membranes [20.3%], abruption of placenta [10%], and idiopathic cases [48.7%]. The neonatal mortality rate in less than 34 weeks was 9.05%. Significant perinatal morbidity causesd in less than 34 weeks were as follows: sepsis [46.94%], respiratory distress syndrome [41.47%], patent ductus arteriosus [21.47%], retinopathy of prematurity [3.57%], necrotizing entrocolitis [1.68%], intra-ventricular hemorrhage [9%], and broncho-pulmonary dysplasia [0.84%]
Conclusion: Preterm birth is associated with adverse perinatal outcome. This situation needs to be improved by directing appropriately increased resources for improving prenatal health services and providing advanced neonatal care
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The main objective of this research was to investigate the viewpoints of managers and finance experts of medical sciences on the impact of implementation of the modern financial system [accrual accounting] on the components of their quality of work life
Methods: To achieve this goa Walton's theory [1973] quality of life,was employed, totally 66 people from universities of medical sciences of all over Iran were selected ,and nine hypotheses were compiled and tested via a questionnaire
Results: The results of the analysis through one sample and two sample t-tests and variance analysis demonstrated that, as the participants believed, implementation of the modern financial system [accrual accounting] had no significant effect on the components of their quality of work life [fair and adequate payment, and overall living space]. However it was effective on other components
Conclusion: The highest impact factor was in relation to the [safe working environment] and the least impact factor proved to be the variable[social unity in the organization]
ABSTRACT
Pregnancy stimulates partners to search for ways to preserve their mutual emotional relations and satisfy their sexual needs, with some limitations. This study evaluates the frequency and perception of sexual intercourse during pregnancy in a group of Iranian couples. In this cross-sectional study, 155 pregnant women were recruited from two academic clinics in Tehran. The exclusion criteria were: any underlying disease, history of pelvic surgery or gynecologic and obstetric complications, abortion or sterility, and previous preterm labor. A checklist was administrated in the labor room, that included: demographic data, partus and their viewpoints about sexuality. Frequency of sexual activity in each trimester, vaginal intercourse, coitus position, orgasm, breast stimulation, condom usage, and pregnancy outcome were recorded. Data were analyzed with t- and chi-square tests. Women and their husbands with sexual behaviors during pregnancy had a lower mean age; the majority were nulipara [p<0.05]. The biggest reason for decreased intercourse in the first trimester was fear of abortion [39.45%]. No significant relationship between sexual activity in pregnancy and preterm labor, gestational age, membrane rupture, and fetal outcome was shown. There was a significant negative relationship between intercourse in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters and need to induction. Although our results showed that sexual intercourse had no adverse effect on the fetus and was a proper stimulus for the induction of delivery, its frequency was reduced during the gestational stage due to parents' fear of adverse effects
ABSTRACT
Streptokinase is a potent activator of plasminogen to plasmin, the enzyme that can solubilize the fibrin network in blood clots. Streptokinase is currently used in clinical medicine as a thrombolytic agent. It is naturally secreted by beta-hemolytic streptococci. To reach an efficient method of purification, an immunoaffinity chromatography method was developed that could purify the streptokinase in a single step with high yield. At the first stage, a CNBr-Ac-tivated sepharose 4B-Lysine column was made to purify the human blood plasminogen. The purified plasminogen was utilized to construct a column that could purify the streptokinase. The rabbit was immunized with the purified streptokinase and the anti-streptokinase [IgG] purified on another streptokinase substituted sepharose-4B column. The immunoaffinity column was developed by coupling the purified anti-Streptokinase [IgG] to sepharose 6MB-Protein A. The Escherichia coli [E.coli] BL21 [DE3] pLysS strain was transformed by the recombinant construct [cloned streptokinase gene in pGEX-4T-2 vector] and gene expression was induced by IPTG. The expressed protein was purified by immunoaffinity chromatography in a single step. The immunoaffinity column could purify the recombinant fusion GST-SK to homogeneity. The purity of streptokinase was confirmed by SDS-PAGE as a single band of about 71 kD and its biological activity determined in a specific streptokinase assay. The yield of the purification was about 94%. This method of streptokinase purification is superior to the previous conventional methods.